“小菁读新闻”为您带来本周青少年双语新闻，本周是一期国际、双语学校的”Animal Rescue”专题新闻，我们精选了有关动物保护的5条双语新闻，将汇总音频放在最上方，并且根据小读者的建议配上了相应的图片，方便孩子收听、收看！文中每条新闻还配备了精心挑选的视频~
本期优秀小主播来自上海美国外籍人员子女学校（浦西校区）、上海更新学校、上海托马斯实验学校。特别感谢Esther、May在自己繁忙的工作之余，协助挑选新闻和翻译文稿。
菁kids也把所有中、英文新闻稿打包成了“新闻包资源”，您可在公众号后台输入 “小菁读新闻” 领取！
编辑 | Emma、高晴
文、图、视频 | 整理自网络
– 01 –
音乐可舒缓收容所宠物的压力
中文小主播：金爱诺
音乐可以控制动物吗？它能让小狗、小猫安静下来吗？
兽医帕梅拉·费舍尔博士是这么认为的。她在 1,100 多个动物收容所里播放音乐，发现的确可以让小狗、小猫安静下来，减少吠（fèi）叫。
近年前，费舍尔博士开展了非营利性的救援动物音乐项目。她邀请世界各地的艺术家提供适合小狗、小猫收听的音乐，其中包含了 30 小时的经典音乐曲目，有贝多芬、莫扎特和肖邦的音乐，还有类似“三只盲鼠”这样的童谣，以及竖琴、钢琴和小提琴模仿海浪和微风的声音。博士把这些音乐提供给动物庇护所和绝育诊所，希望使用音乐治疗的方式，来帮助社区里的动物。
2012 年科罗拉多州立大学的一项研究发现，当播放莫扎特、贝多芬和其他古典艺术家的音乐时，狗会安静地睡觉，而不是大声吠叫，但重金属和其他风格的音乐就无法达到这样的效果。
费舍尔博士对 500 多个动物庇护所进行了调研，发现吠叫的确减少了一半，动物们变得更放松了。湾区人道协会协调员Tania解释道：“音乐会减轻动物的压力，使它们感到开心，跟着节奏律动，而不是吠叫。除了音乐之外，动物收容所的工作人员也会尽一切努力缓解动物们的压力，为它们提供玩具、零食和食物，并且花时间陪伴它们。让动物放松可以更好地展现它们的个性，帮助它们能够更快被收养”。
（新闻来自：Tween Tribune）
翻译：高晴
Music reduces pet stress in shelters
By Aloe
Can music tame the wild beast? Can it hush puppies and calm kitties?
A veterinarian thinks so. She is Dr. Pamela Fisher. The vet has put music in over 1,100 animal shelters. She says that it calms dogs and cats. And it even cuts down on barking.
Fisher started the nonprofit Rescue Animal MP3 Project nearly four years ago. She asked artists around the world to donate dog- and cat-friendly music. The result was MP3 players packed with 30 hours of classics. The classics include music by Beethoven, Mozart and Chopin. There were nursery rhymes like “Three Blind Mice.” And harps, pianos and violins copied ocean waves and gentle breezes. She gives them free to animal shelters. She also gives them to sanctuaries and spay-and-neuter clinics.
“I have used therapeutic music in my practice and wanted to figure out a way to help the shelter animals in my own community,” said Fisher.
A 2012 Colorado State University study found that dogs were more likely to sleep and less likely to bark when Mozart, Beethoven and other classical artists were playing. But not when heavy metal, altered classical and other sounds were playing.
A survey of more than 500 shelters done by Fisher also proved her approach. It found that barking was cut in half. And that the animals on average were more relaxed.
“It just de-stresses them. They are still happy and wiggly. They just are not barking,” explained Tania Huycke-Phillips. She is the foster and facilities coordinator at Bay Area Humane Society. It is located in Green Bay, Wisconsin.
Beyond the music, the shelter staff does all it can to reduce stress for the dogs. The staff offers toys, treats and food. And the staff spends time with them. “Reducing stress shows off their personalities. They get adopted quicker,” she said.
（News from: Tween Tribune）
– 02 –
加州将建造世界上最大的“野生动物“立交桥
中文小主播：六六
据美联社记者韦伯报道，美国加州将建造一座供动物通行的立交桥，横跨101高速公路。这座桥被命名为“自由峡谷动物立交桥“，桥长200英尺，将在1年内进行施工，计划2023年投入使用。这座桥将提供狮子，土狼，鹿等野生动物们自由通行，方便动物在各个区域里活动。
以前，动物如果想要穿越高速公路，会遇到被撞的风险。大部分不能依靠立交桥穿越高速公路的动物，被困在Santa Monica山上。因为它们无法出山，所以造成了食物紧缺，也寻觅不到合适的配偶，这对美洲狮的生存状况造成了威胁。
三月发表在《生态应用》杂志上的报道称，Santa Ana 和 Santa Monica 山区的美洲狮由于环境变化、人类活动、死亡率、遗传多样性降低，使得专家预测这里的狮子将在50年内灭绝。
“自由峡谷立交桥”将有助于抑制美洲狮的近亲繁殖，还能帮助这些孤独的动物扩大它们的社交圈，丰富生物繁衍多样性。
Beth Pratt 是国家野生动物同盟加州分部的主席，她提到：“高速公路的建成，切断了本地的生态系统，我们发现它带来的冲击。动物们无法走出山区去约会，外面的狮子也无法进入，我们已经感受到它们所处的困境。”
这座桥将耗资8700万美元，记者韦伯解释，这些资金的80%来源于众筹，20% 由政府公共基金支付，这些资金将用于动物保护活动。“自由峡谷立交桥”将会是世界上建造的最大的动物立交桥！
(News from: TweenTribune)
翻译：Esther
California will build the largest wildlife crossing in the world
By Bella
A planned animal overpass is set to stretch over Los Angeles’ 101 Freeway. It has entered its final design phase. That’s according to Christopher Weber. He was reporting for the Associated Press. It’s called the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing. The bridge is 200 feet long. It is on track. Building should start within the next one year. It is set to open by 2023. It should provide safe passage many wild animals. Those animals include lions. It includes coyotes. It includes deer. It incudes lizards. It includes snakes. They will all use the bridge.
The crossing will help Southern California’s native wildlife. They will be able to move more freely. They will be able to roam the region’s urban sprawl. That’s according to Weber.
Animals hoping to cross the highway are at high risk of getting hit. That’s without the bridge. Most are essentially trapped in the Santa Monica Mountains. They are unable to venture out. They can’t search of food. And they can’t find potential mates. This means they have a limited geographic range. It poses a particular threat to mountain lions. A study was published in the journal Ecological Applications. It was published this March. It found that two isolated populations face extinction. These lions live in the Santa Ana and Santa Monica Mountains. These populations could disappear within the next 50 years. That’s due to low genetic diversity. And it’s due to mortality. These are linked with human activity. And they are linked to environmental changes.
The Liberty Canyon overpass could curb mountain lion inbreeding. It can do this by connecting solitary big cats with other members of the species. It could reintroduce genetic diversity to local populations. “When the freeway went in, it cut off an ecosystem,” said Beth Pratt. She spoke with the AP’s Weber. “We’re just now seeing impacts of that.” Pratt is a director. She works at the National Wildlife Federation’s California branch.
Pratt adds, “They can’t get out of here to get dates. And cats can’t get in to get dates. …For those of us in L.A., having a romance prospect quashed by traffic is something we can all relate to.” The bridge will cost $87 million to construct. Weber explains that 80 percent of the funds needed will come from private sources. The remaining 20 percent will be drawn from public funds. These are allocated toward conservation campaigns. Authorities said the Liberty Canyon Wildlife Crossing will be the first of its kind built near a major city. It will also be the largest in the world.
(News from: TweenTribune)
– 03 –
如果以现有的科学技术给大猩猩做基因改造，会有可能重新创造一个人类吗？
中文小主播：李佩宣
可能有很多人都听说过人类和大猩猩的基因相似度高达98%，如果以现有的科学技术给大猩猩做基因改造，会有可能重新创造一个人类吗？
首先我们要意识到，相似度并不等同于完全相同。以香蕉为例，香蕉与人类DNA有大约50%的相似度，但大家永远都不会把两者给搞混。
DNA是一系列的化学指令，它告诉了我们细胞如何制造蛋白质，然后形成生物。在这个化学指令中，一点微小的变化都会带来巨大的不同，它不仅告诉我们不同物种是如何产生，也让我们了解相同物种是如何产生的。
人类和黑猩猩确实有共同的祖先，我们也拥有很多相似的基因。DNA指令也显示出两者都有可以与其他手指相对的大拇指、没有尾巴、更多依赖视觉而不是嗅觉，还有很多与哺乳动物的相似处。
我们也有着很大的不同，黑猩猩更强壮，但它们不会投掷；它们可以简单交流想法，但并不能很好地理解对方的意思 ；它们可以用棍子来制作工具，而人类可以制造更高级的，对DNA测序的工具。
衷心希望，人类永远都不会创造出人类和黑猩猩的混合体，因为这两个物种本身都已经非常了不起了！
（新闻来源：TweenTribune）
翻译：高晴
Can you genetically engineer a chimp to make a human
By Angela Song
If we share 98 percent of the same DNA with chimpanzees, could you genetically engineer the rest to make it into a human?
There is something important that you should realize. We have 98 percent of the same DNA. But, it does not mean we’re 98 percent identical.
Look at a banana. A banana shares about 50 percent of the same DNA as humans. But you would never confuse one for the other.
DNA is basically a set of chemical instructions. The instructions tell cells how to make proteins. That in turn, makes us.
Little differences in the instructions can make big differences. And that is not just in how separate species turn out. But, even how members of the same species turn out.
Humans and chimps do share a common ancestor. So, of course we share a lot of the same DNA instructions. The instructions are key for things like opposable thumbs. They are for no tail or relying on sight more than smell. Not to mention the many, many characteristics we share with all mammals.
But we also have big differences. Pound for pound, chimps are stronger. But they cannot throw as well. They can communicate simple ideas. But they do not really get pointing. They make tools out of sticks. We make tools that can sequence DNA.
But hopefully, we will never make a tool to create a human-chimp hybrid. Because both species are remarkable enough on their own.
(News from：TweenTribune)
– 04 –
珍妮古多尔与黑猩猩
中文小主播：张艾宁
珍妮·古多尔博士可能是世界上最了解黑猩猩的人。
这位80多岁的英国动物学家，让人们改变了对灵长类动物的认识。在过去60年里，珍妮博士是最早在野外研究黑猩猩群体生活的科研人员之一。她把黑猩猩当成个体来对待，了解到“他们”具有鲜明的个性、奇怪的癖好和丰富的情感。在长期相处中，她与黑猩猩建立了互相信任的关系。并且也观察到黑猩猩的各种特点，比如，会制造各种暴力事件，会灵巧地使用各类工具，这种肉食动物还很怕痒。珍妮博士认为，黑猩猩应当值得被尊重，并且拥有自己的名字。
博士从1960年在坦桑尼亚第一次研究以来，就让世界打开了视角，深入地了解了人类的近亲——猿类。华盛顿D.C.的国家地理博物馆曾举办过一场“珍妮·古多尔博士成长足迹 ” 的多媒体展。它展示了珍妮博士作为世界顶尖科学家的一生，也让参展者了解博士早期的科学探索和目前的探险经历。
博士对大自然充满了热爱，她最爱的一本书是《人猿泰山》。她的生活和工作有时会由于对野生动物的热爱而变得界限模糊。1960年，她深入到了坦桑尼亚的贡贝溪野生保护区，这也成了她人生中重要的一个里程碑。
非常遗憾的是，由于偷猎、疾病、栖息地的破坏，全世界范围内黑猩猩的数量在持续减少。包括珍妮博士在内的科研人员和环境保护者都在竭尽全力地挽救黑猩猩。这场展览也揭示了这些动物的未来掌握在人类的手中。
珍妮·古多尔博士60多年来珍爱着自己的事业，她的事迹也不断地激励着人们把动物保护事业继续发展下去！
新闻来源：Tween Tribune
翻译：Esther
Immerse yourself in Jane Goodall
By Jiani
If we share 98 percent of the same DNA with chimpanzees, could you genetically engineer the rest to make it into a human?
There is something important that you should realize. We have 98 percent of the same DNA. But, it does not mean we’re 98 percent identical.
Look at a banana. A banana shares about 50 percent of the same DNA as humans. But you would never confuse one for the other.
DNA is basically a set of chemical instructions. The instructions tell cells how to make proteins. That in turn, makes us.
Little differences in the instructions can make big differences. And that is not just in how separate species turn out. But, even how members of the same species turn out.
Humans and chimps do share a common ancestor. So, of course we share a lot of the same DNA instructions. The instructions are key for things like opposable thumbs. They are for no tail or relying on sight more than smell. Not to mention the many, many characteristics we share with all mammals.
But we also have big differences. Pound for pound, chimps are stronger. But they cannot throw as well. They can communicate simple ideas. But they do not really get pointing. They make tools out of sticks. We make tools that can sequence DNA.
But hopefully, we will never make a tool to create a human-chimp hybrid. Because both species are remarkable enough on their own.
(News from：TweenTribune)
– 05 –
”TNR”成为替代动物安乐死，更为人道的管理方法
中文小主播：Hemmy
“TNR”(Trap-Neuter-Return)是什么？它是一种取代动物“安乐死”的人道管理和减少流浪犬和流浪猫数量的方法。
几十年来，科学研究表明”TNR” 改善了流浪猫、流浪狗的生活，也改善了它们与附近居民的关系，随着时间的推移，”TNR”藉由施以绝育手术，使动物无法繁殖，以此减少了流浪动物的数量规模。
流浪动物将被人们带到兽医处进行绝育和接种疫苗。手术康复后，这些动物会回到自己的领地，有些还会直接被人收养。”TNR”为这些动物的生存提供了一种有效的解决方式。
根据美国的记录，导致流浪动物死亡的最大因素就是在动物庇护所进行“安乐死”，超过 70% 无法被收养的流浪动物在收容所遭受了这样的待遇。而“TNR”是动物庇护所改革的重要部分，这项措施可以挽救很多动物的生命。
“TNR”同时也满足了社区的需求，一旦居民想采取措施控制流浪动物数量，他们就可以采用”TNR”的方式，使流浪动物不会进一步繁殖，动物也能和人类友好共处。
最后，“TNR”的成果也为其进一步宣传、教育和合作创造了机会。它不仅产生了立竿见影的效果，也提升了动物在人们心目中的形象。动物管理员还可以进一步采取措施来解决问题，例如设立一些基础设施，使流浪动物远离邻居的院子，或者设立合适的投喂点和卫生区，使动物从不被欢迎的区域转移出去。“TNR”还会建立联系点，方便大家解决流浪动物的问题，为社区提供帮助！
新闻来源：Alley Cat Allies
翻译：高晴
TNR
By Melaine
Trap-Neuter-Return is the humane and effective approach for stray and feral cats.
Trap-Neuter-Return is the humane and effective approach for stray and feral cats. Now in practice for decades,scientific studies show that Trap-Neuter-Return improves the lives of feral cats, improves their relationships with the people who live near them, and decreases the size of colonies over time.
Cats are humanely trapped and taken to a veterinarian to be neutered and vaccinated. After recovery, the cats are returned to their home—their colony—outdoors. Kittens and cats who are friendly and socialized to people may be adopted into homes.
It is time to put an end to catch and kill. Trap-Neuter-Return provides a life-saving, effective solution for these beautiful, independent cats.
The number one documented cause of death for cats in America is being killed in shelters. Over 70% of cats entering shelters are killed—a figure that rises to nearly 100% for feral cats, who cannot be adopted. Trap-Neuter-Return is an essential and valuable component of shelter reform to save cats’ lives. Trap-Neuter-Return Answers the Needs of the Community too.Once residents understand that something is being done to control the cat population, they usually embrace having a Trap-Neuter-Return program there. First, the cat population stabilizes—no new kittens! Second, cats become better neighbors.Last, Trap-Neuter-Return creates opportunities for outreach, education, and cooperation.
Trap-Neuter-Return does more than just produce immediate results and boost the cats’ public image. Caregivers can also take further steps to address concerns, such as providing deterrents to keep cats out of neighbors’ yards or constructing discreet feeding stations and litter areas to gradually move cats out of areas they are not wanted.”9 The cats live in the neighborhood—they will be there whether they are cared for or not. Trap-Neuter-Return establishes a point of contact for concerns about the cats and for resolving any community concerns.
News from：Alley Cat Allies
你也想来当小主播吗？
菁kids小主播招募
▼中文主播
- 适合年龄：二年级以上
- 要求：中文流利、口齿清晰，对新闻播报有兴趣，能按时完成录制小任务
- 报名方式：从“小菁读新闻”里挑选一条中文新闻进行录制（2分钟左右），发送给菁kids编辑（添加方式见文末），编辑部将尽快与你联系！
▼英文主播
- 适合年龄：二年级以上
- 要求：英文流利、口齿清晰，对新闻播报有兴趣，能按时完成录制小任务
- 报名方式：从“小菁读新闻”里挑选一条英文新闻进行录制（2分钟左右），发送给菁kids编辑（添加方式见文末），编辑部将尽快与你联系！
如果您感兴趣的话
请扫描下方二维码添加菁kids编辑
记得备注“小主播”喔！
Leave a Reply